Fabrication of 3D-printed hygromorphs based on different cellulosic fillers

Abstract The aim of this work is to characterize the moisture-dependent actuation behavior bioinspired and additively manufactured hygromorphs based by following deductive inductive design approaches. Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) employed print bilayered structures consisting swellable active layers rigid passive layers. layer composed a polylactic acid (PLA) matrix filled with different hygroscopic cellulosic materials (native modified) up filler content 50 m%. Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) used for layer. FFF process allows generation desired differential swelling properties in composites upon moisture absorption. dependent strain printed bilayers was determined video analyses. Some influencing geometrical factors which contribute were deduced from x-ray diffraction (XRD) micro computed tomography (μCT). investigation mean cellulose microfibril orientation on surface suggested preferential respect printing direction. Furthermore, gradient material within single observed, indicates fiber sedimentation. Comparison thermomechanical model derived Timoshenko (1925) shows that computational prediction considerably accurate most selected contents.